In a localized RCC, local recurrence after tumor ablation therapy is managed by any of the following options, EXCEPT:
repeat ablation
active surveillance
salvage surgery
radical nephrectomy
Correct Answer :
D. radical nephrectomy
ablation therapy is indicated in patients who are unfit for formal radical extirpation. Therefore, radical nephrectomy has fallen out of choice a quite earlier in the management timeline.
Related Questions
What is the most common cause of genetic ESRD in children?
autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease
autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease
multicystic dysplastic kidney disease
juvenile nephronophthisis
What is (are) the risk factor(s) for developing simple renal cysts?
male gender
hypertension
renal insufficiency
all of the above
Antenatal sonography is the diagnostic tool for the following condition:
glomerulocystic kidney disease
developmental cystic renal disease
Juvenile nephronophthisis
medullary cystic kidney disease
What is true regarding renal angiomyolipoma (AML)?
most classic AMLs eventually undergo malignant transformation to sarcomatoid and epithelioid AML
the preferred treatment is nephroureterectomy followed by active surveillance
angiographic embolization and/or nephron-sparing surgery is advised for symptomatic AMLs greater than 4 cm
extra-renal sites include the pancreas, salivary glands, and thyroids
In RCC cases where IVC involvement with tumor thrombi are suspected, venacavography:
is the first and most reliable radiologic examination to study IVC thrombi
is reserved for patients with equivocal MRI or CT findings
is obsolete and has fallen out of use
carries a risk of IVC terrible bleeding that outweighs the diagnostic merits
On histological examination of a resected renal tumor, positive staining for human melanoma black (HMB)-45 is a distinctive and diagnostic feature for:
multiloculated cystic nephromas
angiomyolipoma
metanephric adenoma
adenoma with clear cell
What does determine the renal function status after partial nephrectomy of a single kidney?
the quality of the kidney and renal function prior to surgery
the quantity of vascularized parenchymal mass preserved after excision
the tumor
warm ischemia time
d. neurosarcoma
. What is false concerning targeted molecular therapy?
is a personalized medical therapy devised to meet each persons individual needs for cancer`s specifications
treats cancer by interrupting unique molecular abnormalities that drive cancer growth
some cancer types have different molecular targets
What is the most powerful single predictor of oncologic outcomes in RCC cases?
margin status and grade
tumor size
tumor stage
the time interval between the tumor emergence and excision
d. 30 - 40%
. What is false concerning imaging studies for preoperative evaluation of RCC case?
in case of bone pain or elevated serum calcium and/or alkaline phosphatase levels, an isotopic bone scan is required
renal arteriography accurately localizes central scaring and tumor necrosis
trans-esophageal echocardiography helps assess vena caval and right atrial tumor thrombi
Routine metastatic evaluation in RCC cases should include all of the following, EXCEPT:
abdominal CT
chest X-ray
renal function test
liver function test
What type of renal adenomas is a precursor to papillary RCC?
adenoma with clear cell
papillary adenoma
metanephric adenoma
none of the above
What is false concerning ADPKD patients?
hepatic cysts are the most common extra-renal manifestation
might experience cyst hemorrhage, renal infection, or nephrolithiasis
typically, complain of flank pain or intermittent hematuria in the early twenties
hypertension and CRF commonly occur in the fifth decade of life
What is false regarding multiloculated cystic nephromas?
they follow a benign clinical course
they have a bimodal age distribution
they are more common in men than in women
none of the above
d. CT can detect renal vein involvement in 82-95% of cases and vena caval involvement in 95-100% of cases
. In RCC, ipsilateral adrenal metastasis occurs in:
0.3 - 2%
2 - 10%
11 - 18%
On histological examination of a resected renal tumor, the presence of multiple mitochondria observed on electron microscopy is diagnostic for:
renal oncocytoma
multiloculated cystic nephromas
metanephric adenoma
adenoma with clear cell
d. none of the above
. What is NOT an indication for simple nephrectomy?
symptomatic chronic renal infection with poor function
some cases of renovascular hypertension
symptomatic calculus disease with poor renal function
In a localized RCC, local recurrence after tumor ablation therapy is managed by any of the following options, EXCEPT:
repeat ablation
active surveillance
salvage surgery
radical nephrectomy
Fuhrmans grading system for renal cell carcinoma relies on:
nuclear size, outline, and nucleoli
cohesiveness and the degree of cellular atypia
chromatin structure and content of the interphase nucleus
multinucleation and mitosis
Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for RCC?
type II DM, especially in males
hypertension
obesity, especially in females
cigarette smoking
Which of the following renal tumors carries the best prognosis?
fibrosarcoma
leiomyosarcoma
carcinoid
adult Wilm`s tumor
What is true regarding cancer incidence in renal cystic diseases?
is > 90% in Bosniak type IV renal cysts
in patients receiving renal transplants for polycystic kidney disease is 48% higher than that expected in the general population
all of the above
simple renal cysts might turn malignant in < 4% of cases
What is the likelihood that simple renal cysts increase in size and number over time?
never
unlikely
likely
always
After radical nephrectomy, what is the 5-year survival rate for stage I RCC?
80%
85%
90%
95%
d. hypertension
. Metastatic tumors to the kidney are common from all of the following organs, EXCEPT:
lungs
thyroid
breasts
d. all of the above
. What is the most common histologic subtype of renal sarcomas?
rhabdomyosarcoma
nephrosarcoma
leiomyosarcoma
What is the likelihood that Bosniak type III renal cysts accompany malignant masses?
never
unlikely
likely
always
According to Fuhrmans classification system for nuclear grading in RCC, nuclear size of 20 μg with irregular outline and prominent nucleoli is grade:
1
2
3
4
What is false concerning renal malignancy?
RCC occurs in < 5% of patients with tuberous sclerosis
in glomerulocystic kidney disease, renal tumors are typically solitary, large, with central necrosis
in Von Hippel-Lindau syndrome, renal tumors are frequently bilateral and multicentric
in acquired cystic disease, tumors are commonly bilateral, and metastatic in 15% of cases
What is the proper terminology of a renal cyst with the following characteristics: well-marginated, anechoic, with thin visible back wall, positive posterior acoustic enhancement, no septations, and no calcifications?
hyperattenuating renal cyst
solitary renal cyst
uncomplicated renal cyst
focal renal cyst