0.05 to 0.20 %
0.20 to 0.45 %
0.45 to 0.55 %
0.55 to 1.0 %
C. 0.45 to 0.55 %
Duralumin
Y-alloy
Magnalium
Hindalium
Six
Twelve
Eighteen
Twenty
Connecting rods
Cutting tools
Generators and transformers in the form of laminated cores
Motor car crankshafts
Nickel, copper and iron
Nickel, copper and zinc
Copper, nickel and antimony
Iron, zinc and bismuth
600°C
723°C
1147°C
1493°C
Nichrome
Invar
Magnin
Elinvar
Blast furnace
Cupola
Open hearth furnace
Bessemer converter
Cast iron
Mild steel
Nonferrous materials
Stainless steel
Aluminium in steel results in excessive grain growth
Manganese in steel induces hardness
Nickel and chromium in steel helps in raising the elastic limit and improve the resilience and ductility
Tungsten in steels improves magnetic properties and hardenability
Substitutional solid solution
Interstitial solid solution
Intermetallic compounds
All of the above
Silicon
Manganese
Carbon
Chromium
Mild steel
Copper
Nickel
Aluminium
400°C to 600°C
600°C to 900°C
900°C to 1400°C
1400°C to 1530°C
Steels are heated to 500 to 700°C
Cooling is done slowly and steadily
Internal stresses are relieved
All of these
Copper and tin
Copper and zinc
Copper and iron
Copper and nickel
Copper, zinc and iron
Iron, nickel and copper
Iron, lead and tin
Iron, aluminium and magnesium
Face centred cubic space lattice
Body centred cubic space lattice
Close packed hexagonal space lattice
None of these
Hearth
Stack
Bosh
Throat
Amorphous material
Mesomorphous material
Crystalline material
None of these
Silver, copper, zinc
Silver, tin, nickel
Silver, lead, zinc
Silver, copper, aluminium
70% copper and 30% zinc
90% copper and 10% tin
85 - 92% copper and rest tin with little lead and nickel
70 - 78% copper and rest tin
Cast iron
Mild steel
Stainless steel
Carbonchrome steel
Shot peening
Nitriding of surface
Cold working
Surface decarburisation
Which are destroyed by burning
Which after their destruction are recycled to produce fresh steel
Which are deoxidised in the ladle with silicon and aluminium
In which carbon is completely burnt
Grain growth, recrystallisation, stress relief
Stress relief, grain growth, recrystallisation
Stress relief, recrystallisation, grain growth
Grain growth, stress relief, recrystallisation
Hot working
Tempering
Normalising
Annealing
Ability to undergo large permanent deformations in compression
Ability to recover its original form
Ability to undergo large permanent deformations in tension
All of the above
0.1 to 0.2 %
0.25 to 0.5 %
0.6 to 0.7 %
0.7 to 0.9 %
Mica
Silver
Lead
Glass
Cold rolled into sheets
Drawn into wires
Formed into tube
Any one of these