Zinc, magnesium, cobalt, cadmium, antimony and bismuth
Gamma-iron, aluminium, copper, lead, silver and nickel
Alpha-iron, tungsten, chromium and molybdenum
None of the above
A. Zinc, magnesium, cobalt, cadmium, antimony and bismuth
Makes the iron soft and easily machinable
Increases hardness and brittleness
Make the iron white and hard
Aids fusibility and fluidity
13% carbon and 87% ferrite
13% cementite and 87% ferrite
13% ferrite and 87% cementite
6.67% carbon and 93.33% iron
Adding carbon up to 2.8%
Adding carbon up to 6.3%
Adding carbon up to 0.83%
Adding small quantities of copper
Tin, antimony, copper
Tin and copper
Tin and lead
Lead and zinc
Reduced neutron absorption cross-section
Improved Weldability
Embrittlement
Corrosion resistance
63 to 67% nickel and 30% copper
88% copper and 10% tin and rest zinc
Alloy of tin, lead and cadmium
Silver and chromium
Copper, zinc and iron
Iron, nickel and copper
Iron, lead and tin
Iron, aluminium and magnesium
Nickel
Vanadium
Cobalt
Molybdenum
Silicon
Manganese
Carbon
Chromium
Cast iron
Mild steel
Stainless steel
Carbonchrome steel
Cobalt
Nickel
Vanadium
Iron
Hard
Soft
Tough
Hard and tough
0.04 %
0.35 to 0.45 %
0.4 to 0.6 %
0.6 to 0.8 %
Refine grain structure
Reduce segregation in casting
Improve mechanical properties
Induce stresses
Silicon bronze
White metal
Monel metal
Phosphor bronze
600°C
723°C
1147°C
1493°C
Eutectic cast irons
Hypoeutectic cast irons
Hypereutectic cast irons
None of these
Steel
Al2O3
SiO2
MgO
Decrease
Increase
Remain constant
First increase and then decrease
Vanadium 4%, chromium 18% and tungsten 1%
Vanadium 1%, chromium 4% and tungsten 18%
Vanadium 18%, chromium 1% and tungsten 4%
None of the above
Equal to
Less than
More than
None of these
770°C
910°C
1440°C
1539°C
Stiffness
Ductility
Resilience
Plasticity
Molecular change
Physical change
Allotropic change
Solidus change
Steels are heated to 500 to 700°C
Cooling is done slowly and steadily
Internal stresses are relieved
All of these
Face centered cubic space lattice
Body centered cubic space lattice
Close packed hexagonal space lattice
None of these
Cast iron
Vitrified clay
Asbestos cement
Concrete
Nickel
Chromium
Tungsten
Vanadium
Stainless steel
High speed steel
Heat resisting steel
Nickel steel
Aluminium in steel results in excessive grain growth
Manganese in steel induces hardness
Nickel and chromium in steel helps in raising the elastic limit and improve the resilience and ductility
Tungsten in steels improves magnetic properties and hardenability