Improvement of casting characteristics
Improvement of corrosion resistance
One of the best known age and precipitation hardening systems
Improving machinability
C. One of the best known age and precipitation hardening systems
50 : 50
40 : 60
60 : 40
10 : 90
Copper
Brass
Lead
Silver
High yield point
High fatigue limit
Both (A) and (B)
None of these
Cast iron
Mild steel
Nonferrous materials
Stainless steel
70% copper and 30% zinc
90% copper and 10% tin
85 - 92% copper and rest tin with little lead and nickel
70 - 75% copper and rest tin
0.5 to 1 %
1.2 %
2.5 to 4.5 %
5 to 7 %
Refine grain structure
Reduce segregation in casting
Improve mechanical properties
Induce stresses
Cast iron
Pig iron
Wrought iron
Malleable iron
Body centered cubic
Face centered cubic
Hexagonal close packed
Cubic structure
In still air
Slowly in the furnace
Suddenly in a suitable cooling medium
Any one of these
Cast iron
High speed steel
All nonferrous materials
All of the above
Chromium
Silicon
Manganese
Magnesium
Acts as deoxidiser
Reduces the grain size
Decreases tensile strength and hardness
Lowers the toughness and transverse ductility
Zinc
Lead
Silver
Glass
Ferrite
Pearlite
Austenite
Ferrite and cementite
Chromium and nickel
Nickel and molybdenum
Aluminium and zinc
Tungsten and sulphur
Ionic bond
Covalent bond
Metallic bond
None of these
Carburising
Normalising
Annealing
Tempering
Is less tough and has a greater tendency to distort during heat treatment
Is more ductile and has a less tendency to distort during heat treatment
Is less tough and has a less tendency to distort during heat treatment
Is more ductile and has a greater tendency to distort during heat treatment
Kind of stainless steel
None ferrous alloy
Polymer
Nickel and iron alloy having high permeability
Aluminium in steel results in excessive grain growth
Manganese in steel induces hardness
Nickel and chromium in steel helps in raising the elastic limit and improve the resilience and ductility
Tungsten in steels improves magnetic properties and hardenability
Silicon
Sulphur
Manganese
Phosphorus
White cast iron
Nodular cast iron
Malleable cast iron
Alloy cast iron
Adding carbon up to 2.8%
Adding carbon up to 6.3%
Adding carbon up to 0.83%
Adding small quantities of copper
Creep
Fatigue
Endurance
Plastic deformation
63 to 67% nickel and 30% copper
88% copper and 10% tin and rest zinc
Alloy of tin, lead and cadmium
Silver and chromium
Austenite
Martensite
Pearlite
Cementite
Ductile material
Malleable material
Brittle material
Tough material
Uranium
Thorium
Niobium
All of these
Nickel
Chromium
Tungsten
Vanadium