There is no change in grain size
The average grain size is a minimum
The grain size increases very rapidly
The grain size first increases and then decreases very rapidly
A. There is no change in grain size
Zinc, magnesium, cobalt, cadmium, antimony and bismuth
Gamma-iron, aluminium, copper, lead, silver and nickel
Alpha-iron, tungsten, chromium and molybdenum
None of the above
Contains 1.7 to 3.5% carbon in Free State and is obtained by the slow cooling of molten cast iron
Is also known as chilled cast iron is obtained by cooling rapidly. It is almost unmachinable
Is produced by annealing process. I is soft, tough and easily machined metal
Is produced by small additions o magnesium (or cerium) in the ladle Graphite is in nodular or spheroidal form and is well dispersed throughout the material
Delta metal
Monel metal
Constantan
Nichrome
0.025 %
0.06 %
0.1 %
0.25 %
Hardness
Brittleness
Plasticity
Ductility
Flywheel of steam engine
Cast iron pipes
Cycle chains
Gas turbine blades
Mild steel
Cast iron
HSS
High carbon
Soft and gives a coarse grained crystalline structure
Soft and gives a fine grained crystalline structure
Hard and gives a coarse grained crystalline structure
Hard and gives a fine grained crystalline structure
Substitutional solid solution
Interstitial solid solution
Intermetallic compounds
All of the above
Adding carbon up to 2.8%
Adding carbon up to 6.3%
Adding carbon up to 0.83%
Adding small quantities of copper
0.04 %
0.35 to 0.45 %
0.4 to 0.6 %
0.6 to 0.8 %
0.1 to 0.5
0.5 to 1
1 to 1.7
1.7 to 4.5
Room temperature
Near melting point
Between 1400°C and 1539°C
Between 910°C and 1400°C
50 : 50
40 : 60
60 : 40
10 : 90
Below 10°K
Above 100°K
Around 0°C
Around 100°C
13% carbon and 87% ferrite
13% cementite and 87% ferrite
13% ferrite and 87% cementite
6.67% carbon and 93.33% iron
600°C
723°C
1147°C
1493°C
By adding magnesium to molten cast iron
By quick cooling of molten cast iron
From white cast iron by annealing process
None of these
Which are destroyed by burning
Which after their destruction are recycled to produce fresh steel
Which are deoxidised in the ladle with silicon and aluminium
In which carbon is completely burnt
Cold rolled steel
Hot rolled steel
Forged steel
Cast steel
B.C.C. crystalline structure
F.C.C. crystal structure
H.C.P. structure
A complex cubic structure
400° to 700°C
800°C to 1000°C
1200°C to 1300°C
1500°C to 1700°C
Hot hardness
Toughness
Wear resistance
Sharp cutting edge
Amorphous material
Mesomorphous material
Crystalline material
None of these
Below 0.5 %
Below 1 %
Above 1 %
Above 2.2 %
Cold rolled into sheets
Drawn into wires
Formed into tube
Any one of these
Naked eye
Optical microscope
Metallurgical microscope
X-ray techniques
Improves wear resistance, cutting ability and toughness
Refines grain size and produces less tendency to carburisation, improves corrosion and heat resistant properties
Improves cutting ability and reduces hardenability
Gives ductility, toughness, tensile strength and anticorrosion properties
It easily machinable
It brittle
It hard
The casting unsound
Brittle
Hard
Ductile
Tough