What are the diagnostic findings on cystometrogram for BPS/IC?
discomfort on placing urethral catheter and pain on bladder filling
difficulty in zeroing the pressure and diminished response to first cough
low filling pressure but high voiding pressure
uninhibited bladder contractions with a relative bladder hypotonia
Correct Answer :
A. discomfort on placing urethral catheter and pain on bladder filling
self-explanatory.
Related Questions
What is the most common serotype of HPV associated with squamous cell carcinoma of the penis?
16
18
22
12
What are the most commonly affected organs by genitourinary tuberculosis?
kidneys, prostate and epididymi
bladder, ureters and renal pelvis
vasa, scrotum and adrenals
testes, bladder neck and seminal vesicles
What could NOT cause recurrent UTI in a 25 yrs. woman?
bladder neck suspension surgery
chronic constipation
poor genital hygiene
contraceptive diaphragm
What is false concerning peri-renal abscess?
could result from intra-renal abscess of ascending infection
urine culture might be negative
plain KUB X-ray has no value in the diagnosis
surgical drainage is the proper treatment
What is false concerning post UTI renal scarring in pediatrics?
the incidence of scarring following a single episode of febrile UTI is 4.5%
intra-renal reflux is common in convex papillae
scarring and chronic pyelonephritis lead to hypertension in 10-20%
scarring is best detected and followed up by DMSA
Which of the following does NOT cause sterile pyouria?
inadequately treated UTI
renal papillary necrosis
acute emphysematous pyelonephritis
urinary tract tuberculosis
What is false regarding Herpes simplex (HSV) infection?
characterized by neurovirulence
the incubation period of primary genital herpes is 2 3 weeks
HSV can be isolated in the urine
HSV-1 infection causes urethritis more often than HSV-2 does
What is false concerning antiretroviral medications?
multiple antiretroviral drugs can be combined into a single pill
might cause radiolucent renal stones
can lead to a significant rise in the serum level of PDE5 inhibitors, if taken simultaneously
have the advantage of structured treatment interruptions (drug holidays)
What is the most significant complication of papillary necrosis?
ureteral obstruction
proteinuria
stone formation
renal scarring
What is true concerning the treatment of catheter associated bacteriuria?
should be flushed frequently, but no antibiotic is advised
should be treated if febrile UTI has developed
should be treated only if urine culture is positive
should be treated once the catheter is removed
What is the most commonly affected organ by genitourinary Brucellosis?
kidneys
bladder
prostate
epididymis
What is the likelihood of contracting gonorrheal disease following a single intercourse with an infected woman?
1.7%
7%
17%
71%
What is false in the treatment and prevention of STDs?
antibiotic therapy is recommended for affected individuals with documented trichomonal infection and sexual partners even if asymptomatic
empirical treatment for gonococcal urethritis should cover chlamydia trachomatis
consistent and proper usage of condoms is estimated to prevent HIV transmission by approximately 80 to 95%
vaccinations are available for the prevention of human papillomavirus, N. gonorrhea, chlamydia trachomatis
In which segmented voided bladder (VB) specimen, the diagnosis of chronic prostatitis is confirmed?
VB1 and VB3
prostatic secretions and the VB3
prostatic secretions and the VB2
prostatic secretions and the VB1
When comparing nosocomial to community-acquired UTI, the latter is:
45% are caused by E. coli
related to an indwelling urinary catheter in approximately 40% of cases
responds fairly to oral antibiotics
tends to report higher antibiotic resistance
What is false concerning sepsis syndrome?
poor tissue perfusion manifests as hyperlactemia and decreased capillary refill
acute oliguria indicates an organ dysfunction and circulatory collapse
septic shock is an extreme form of sepsis when hypotension persists despite adequate fluid resuscitation
hypotension is a sign of hyperdynamic circulation at an early septic shock
What is the best statement that describes the action of antiproliferative factor?
inhibits bladder epithelial cell proliferation
inhibits the bladder proliferative growth factors
stimulates the proliferation inhibitory factors
none of the above
What type of cells is implicated most in the pathogenesis of BPS/IC?
histocytes
T lymphocytes
mast cells
B lymphocytes
Irritative LUTS and dyspareunia in postmenopausal women are most likely to be due to:
giggle incontinence
estrogen deficiency
cystitis glandularis
cystitis cystica
Patients with bladder pain syndrome have:
a history of repeated urologic and/or gynecologic procedures
10 fold higher incidence of childhood voiding problems
4 fold higher incidence of anxiety-depression syndrome
6 fold higher incidence of psychosomatic disorders
What antimicrobial agent treats UTI and does NOT alter the gut flora?
trimethoprim- sulfamethoxazole
fluoroquinolones
aminoglycosides
nitrofurantoins
What are the target immune cells for HIV?
phagocytes
CD4 T cells
B lymphocytes
natural killer cells
What is essential on diagnosing bladder pain syndrome BPS/IC?
sterile pyuria on 3 consecutive cultures
the presence of glomerulations and/or Hunner`s ulcer on endoscopy
pain and discomfort related to the bladder
urgency and frequency with no documented infection
What is the preferred antibiotic for BPS/IC cases?
rifampicin
doxycycline
azithromycin
none of the above
Which of the following factors increases the risk of UTI due to promotion of microbial colonization?
neurogenic bladder
the use of spermicide
urinary catheterization
fecal incontinence
What is NOT a poor clinical practice on caring for urethral catheters?
taking urine samples by draining the urine bag
daily cleansing the external meatus
placing the urine bag on the floor
changing the urine bag once it is full
What is false regarding malakoplakia?
is an uncommon granulomatous disease that affect the skin and/or urinary bladder
it might be due to a disturbed function of B lymphocytes
characterized by the presence of basophilic inclusion structure (Michaelis-Gutmann body)
it might be due to a defective phagolysosomal activity of monocytes or macrophages
A 48 yrs. woman presents with recurrent cystitis. Cystoscopy showed a raised bladder lesion. Biopsies from the lesion reveals Von Hansemann histiocytes, and Michaelis-Gutmann bodies. What is the treatment?
sulfonamide for several months
TUR of the bladder lesion followed by proper staging
radical cystectomy and urinary diversion
intravesical installation of mitomycin without irradiation
What is the most significant biological difference in women susceptibility to UTI?
adherence of bacteria to vaginal cells
vaginal dryness
O serogroup
vaginal pH
What is false concerning Chlamydia trachomatis urethritis in males:
produces yellow whitish, scanty, frothy urethral discharge
shows gram (+), extracellular diplococcic
infection could be contracted from the spouses eyes
responds fairly to azithromycin