What could NOT cause recurrent UTI in a 25 yrs. woman?
bladder neck suspension surgery
chronic constipation
poor genital hygiene
contraceptive diaphragm
Correct Answer :
A. bladder neck suspension surgery
poor hygiene and wearing the diaphragm could increase the risk of community acquired UTI. Constipation indicates that the rectum is full with enteric bacteria that could move out and colonize at the perineum and thus get an access to the urethra.
Related Questions
What is false regarding viral cystitis?
in pediatrics, adenovirus types 11 and 21 could result in hemorrhagic cystitis
immunosuppressed children are especially susceptible to Cytomegalovirus and Adenoviruses 7, 21, and 35
in pediatrics, acute viral cystitis might present as acute retention of urine
classically, treatment should be culture-specific
What could cause unresolved bacteriuria?
drug resistance
non-compliance
the presence of persistent pathology
all of the above
HIV infection increases the incidence of the following cancers, EXCEPT:
Kaposi sarcoma,
Hodgkin lymphoma
non-Hodgkin lymphoma
cervical cancer
What is false concerning radiation cystitis?
the average time from the beginning of radiation therapy to initial symptoms could be 2 4 weeks
treatment with stationary radiation, portals carry a higher risk of morbidity than treatment with rotating portals do
it occurs in about 10% of patients treated with definitive irradiation therapy for prostate cancer after 10 years
most cases are mildly affected and require no specific therapy
What type of scrotal ulcers is painless, punched out, with yellowish grey floor?
tuberculous ulcer
malignant ulcer
gummatous ulcers
traumatic ulcer
UPOINT system for phenotype categorization:
categorizes CP-CPPS, IC, and painful bladder syndrome based on 5 etiological principles
meant to classify CP-CPPS and IC patients into 6 domains
helps establish a reliable diagnosis of CP/CPPS or IC
the diagnostic scores of UPOINT depend on cystoscopy, TRUS, urine analysis and culture of uncommon microbes
Which of the following does NOT cause sterile pyouria?
inadequately treated UTI
renal papillary necrosis
acute emphysematous pyelonephritis
urinary tract tuberculosis
As per NIH classification of prostatitis, which type requires no treatment?
type I
type II
type III
type IV
The relative risk of prostate cancer in men with HIV compared to uninfected individuals is:
greater than 8 fold
greater than 6 fold
greater than 4 fold
comparable
What is true regarding genitourinary TB?
commonly, TB enters the urinary tract via intravesical instillation of attenuated live BCG to treat bladder cancer
CT urography may show infundibular stricture with or without hydrocalicosis
renal ultrasonography reveals calyceal erosions moth-eaten calyx
TB of the vas appears, clinically, as a thin hard strictured tube
What is the most common serotype of HPV associated with squamous cell carcinoma of the penis?
16
18
22
12
What is the most virulent factor for bacterial adherence?
P blood group
fimbria
pili
hemolysin
What is the most significant complication of papillary necrosis?
ureteral obstruction
proteinuria
stone formation
renal scarring
What is false concerning Chlamydia trachomatis urethritis in males:
produces yellow whitish, scanty, frothy urethral discharge
shows gram (+), extracellular diplococcic
infection could be contracted from the spouses eyes
responds fairly to azithromycin
Histologically, the pathognomonic finding of Fournier gangrene include:
necrosis of the superficial and deep fascial planes
fibrinoid thrombosis of the nutrient arterioles
polymorphonuclear cell infiltration
all of the above
Ureteral dilation in schistosomiasis could be due to:
vesicoureteral reflux
stenosis of the lower ureter
edematous ureteral wall causing deficient peristalsis
any of the above
A 48 yrs. woman presents with recurrent cystitis. Cystoscopy showed a raised bladder lesion. Biopsies from the lesion reveals Von Hansemann histiocytes, and Michaelis-Gutmann bodies. What is the treatment?
sulfonamide for several months
TUR of the bladder lesion followed by proper staging
radical cystectomy and urinary diversion
intravesical installation of mitomycin without irradiation
What is the preferred antibiotic for BPS/IC cases?
rifampicin
doxycycline
azithromycin
none of the above
What is true regarding balanoposthitis?
is best diagnosed by ascending urethrography
occurs mostly in diabetic and immunosuppressed patients
could be due to maceration injury, irritant dermatitis, or Candida
commonly presents with deep inguinal lymphadenopathy
Which of the following is NOT a first-choice antimicrobial agent for uncomplicated acute cystitis in women?
nitrofurantoin monohydrate/macrocrystals
trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole
ampicillin
fosfomycin
What is the laboratory differentiation between type III-a and type III-b prostatitis?
the cytological examination of the urine and/or EPS
transrectal ultrasonographic examination
the presence of ≥10 WBCs/HPF in the urine with negative culture in type III-b
the positive urine culture, and negative EPS support type III-a
What is the mortality rate of emphysematous pyelonephritis?
43%
53%
63%
73%
What is false concerning foreign body cystitis?
most commonly due to indwelling catheters
the areas of inflammation are usually confined to the lateral walls or the dome of the bladder
radiographic changes are nonspecific or present as bullous edema
indwelling catheters are associated with squamous cell carcinoma of the bladder
A 60 yrs. man underwent TURP for, only, obstructive LUTS. Histology of prostate chips reveals prostatitis. What NIH type of prostatitis would it be?
type I
type II
type III
type IV
Directed physiotherapy could be of value in treating what NIH type of prostatitis?
type II
type III-a
type III-b
type IV
What is false regarding urethral syndrome in postmenopausal women?
pH of vaginal secretions increases after menopause
estrogen deficiency manifests as trophic urethritis and atrophic vaginitis
topical conjugated estrogen replacement carries a significant risk of breast and endometrial cancers
manifestations might include obstructive symptoms and non-infectious cystitis
What is NOT a poor clinical practice on caring for urethral catheters?
taking urine samples by draining the urine bag
daily cleansing the external meatus
placing the urine bag on the floor
changing the urine bag once it is full
No need for radiologic studies for recurrent UTI in:
children
the elderly
men
women
Which statement best defines reinfection?
a new episode of UTI caused by different species or occurring at long intervals
recurrent UTIs caused by the same organism in each instance, classically, at close intervals
recurrent UTIs due to failure of medical therapy to eradicate the infection
recurrent UTIs due to a persistent pathology that is obstinate to surgery
What is false concerning the presentation of prostatitis syndrome?
type I could harbor prostate abscess
type II presents as intermittent urinary tract infections
type III-a presentation might include psychological complaints
between 10-15% of men with type IV, have pus cells in their semen but no symptoms