What is the best method to evaluate calcium levels in the urine?
from early morning urine sample
comparing urine and serum calcium at a given time
performing 24 urine collection
from a mid-stream urine sample
Correct Answer :
C. performing 24 urine collection
24 hr. urine collection provides the basic investigation tool for urinary stones workup.
Related Questions
Which of the following is NOT a sex accessory tissue?
the prostate gland
seminal vesicles
epididymi
bulbourethral glands
What is the prime effect of antidiuretic hormone on kidneys?
increase collecting duct permeability
increase medullary blood flow
decrease cortical blood flow
decrease potassium secretion
Which of the following is NOT a side effect of hydrochlorothiazide?
hypercholesterolemia
hyperuricemia
hypoglycemia
hypercalcemia
What is the most frequent anomaly associated with multicystic renal dysplasia?
ureteral atresia
vesicoureteral reflux
ureteropelvic junction obstruction
ureteral duplication
Which type of urinary casts are solidified TammHorsfall mucoproteins secreted from the tubular epithelial cells of individual nephrons?
granular
hyaline
waxy
pigment
What causes ureteral dilation during pregnancy is:
mechanical compression by the gravid uterus
physiological increase urine flow during pregnancy
elevated levels of progesterone
reflex inhibition of ureteral contractions
Which statement is NOT related to Klinefelter syndrome?
sterility is the rule
has a considerable short life span
treatment requires testicular microdissection and sperm extraction
47 XXY karyotype
By which of the following structures, do the fused lower poles of hoarseshoe kidneys get trapped during embryologic ascent?
inferior mesenteric artery
superior mesenteric artery
celiac artery
common iliac artery
In males, which of the following structure(s) can NOT be palpated during digital rectal examination?
pelvic floor muscles
seminal vesicles
anterior surface of the sacrum
median lobe of the prostate
Which of the following is NOT related to von Hippel-Lindau disease?
retinal hemangioblastoma
ureteral atresia
pheochromocytomas
multiple cysts in the pancreas and kidneys
Which medicine(s) might enhance hypoprothrombinemic effect on oral anticoagulants?
allopurinol
aminoglycosides
cimetidine
all of the above
Which of the following does NOT increase in prostate cancer?
human kallikrein 2
pro-PSA
free PSA
complexed PSA
Adult size of bladder capacity is achieved at what age?
5 6 yrs.
7 8 yrs.
9 10 yrs.
11 12 yrs.
Which zone of the prostate originates from the Wolffian duct tissue:
central zone
peripheral zone
transitional zone
periurethral glands
Which statement is false concerning the epididymis?
each epididymis can be palpable at the postero-lateral surface of the testis
has 3 parts; head, body, and tail
new batches of sperms stay in the epididymis around 2 days for maturation
shares the same blood supply of the testis
What is the most significant innervation of the vas deferens?
sympathetic nervous system
parasympathetic nervous system
somatic nervous system
none of the above
What are the abnormalities that might accompany complete ureteral duplications?
reflux to the upper pole ureter, obstruction to the lower pole ureter
reflux to the lower pole ureter, obstruction to the upper pole ureter
left ureteropelvic junction obstruction, right ureterocele
right ureteropelvic junction obstruction, left ureterocele
What is the best method to evaluate calcium levels in the urine?
from early morning urine sample
comparing urine and serum calcium at a given time
performing 24 urine collection
from a mid-stream urine sample
What type of renal tubular acidosis (RTA) does demonstrate aldosterone resistance?
type 1
type 2
type 3
type 4
When should a 70 yrs. man with 40 ml prostate volume, and total PSA of 2.0 ng/ml, go for a prostate biopsy?
if PSA reading had exceeded 2.7 ng/ml over 12 months
if free PSA reading was less than 0.4 ng/ml
if total PSA reading was greater than 8 ng/ml
any of the above
What could render red urine workup, false positive for hematuria?
dehydration
myoglobinuria
high doses of vitamin C
all of the above
Which of the following does NOT affect serum creatinine?
gender
age
obstructing stone at left lower ureter
rhabdomyolysis
Which microbe causes red diaper syndrome?
Serratia marcescens
Streptococcus pyogenes
Clostridium difficile
Staphylococcus saprophyticus
Where do Cowper`s gland ducts drain into?
ejaculatory ducts
prostatic urethra
membranous urethra
bulbous urethra
What antibiotic could result in red man syndrome?
vancomycin
clindamycin
streptomycin
tobramycin
At what month of intra-uterine life do testes descend into the scrotum with the aid of the intra-abdominal pressure and the gubernacula?
sixth
seventh
eighth
ninth
What are the first and second most common zones from where prostate cancers arise?
central then transitional
peripheral then transitional
peripheral then central
transitional then central
All of the following develop from the mesonephric ducts, EXCEPT:
vas deferens
seminal vesicles
appendix epididymis
appendix testis
Which of the following diabetes mellitus treatments causes erectile dysfunction?
long-acting insulin
metformin
sulfonylurea
none of the above
What is the number of bacteria per high-power field microscopy that matches colony counts of 100,000/mL?
100
50
10
5