What is the prime effect of antidiuretic hormone on kidneys?
increase collecting duct permeability
increase medullary blood flow
decrease cortical blood flow
decrease potassium secretion
Correct Answer :
A. increase collecting duct permeability
the primary effect is to increase water retention through the collecting ducts.
Related Questions
What is the number of bacteria per high-power field microscopy that matches colony counts of 100,000/mL?
100
50
10
5
What is false concerning the urinary bladder anatomy?
as it distends, it peels off the peritoneum from the abdominal wall
the interureteric ridge is located between the 2 ureteric orifices and the uvula vesicae
Waldeyer`s sheath covers only the distal ureter and forms the deep trigone
in adults, it is percussible over the abdomen when contains at least 150 ml
What is false about purple urine bag syndrome?
occurs due to the interaction between the chemical components of the urine and polyvinyl chloride material in the urine bag
it is commonly symptomless
more common in female nursing home residents
commonly implicated bacteria are K. pneumoniae, P. mirabilis, E. coli
Which statement is false concerning the gubernaculua?
degenerate after birth
called the caudal genital ligaments
help guide the testes down through the inguinal canals
represent undifferentiated mesenchyme
At which week of gestation do the primordial germ cells migrate to form the genital ridges?
third
fourth
fifth
seventh
Which class of the following diuretics could cause erectile dysfunction?
loop diuretics
thiazide diuretics
potassium sparing diuretics
osmotic diuretics
Regarding multicystic kidneys, at what age does the compensatory renal growth end?
at birth
2 years
at puberty
none of the above
What is the most likely diagnosis of an erectile dysfunction patient with low plasma testosterone and high prolactin levels?
pituitary adenoma
adrenal adenoma
Kallmann syndrome
Klinefelter syndrome
How does estrogen prevent lower UTI in postmenopausal women?
increasing vaginal secretions
decreasing vaginal pH
increasing normal vaginal flora
decreasing bacterial adherence
Which area in the nervous system is tested by bulbocavernosus reflex?
brain stem
C2 C4
S2 - S4
L2 - L4
Which agent should be avoided during living-related donor nephrectomy?
ice slush
heparin
norepinephrine
methylene blue
Which of the following does NOT increase in prostate cancer?
human kallikrein 2
pro-PSA
free PSA
complexed PSA
Which lab results indicate poor prognosis of male infertility?
azoospermia; normal FSH; increase LH
azoospermia; decrease FSH; normal LH
oligospermia; increase FSH; normal LH
oligospermia; normal FSH; decrease LH
What is the nature of the prostate-specific antigen?
protease
lyase
carboxylase
hydrolase
Which type of renal tubular acidosis (RTA) is more likely to form renal stones?
type 1
type 2
type 3
type 4
What does apoptosis mean?
programmed cell death
new vascular formation
uninhibited neural stimulation
premature muscular contraction
What is the nerve supply of the adrenal gland?
sympathetic to the medulla
parasympathetic to the medulla
sympathetic to the cortex
parasympathetic to the cortex
Which agent is most likely to cause hemorrhagic cystitis?
cisplatin
ifosfamide
phosphomycin
amphotericin B
To which group of lymph nodes do tumors at the anterior superior area of the bladder, first, drain?
hypogastric
internal iliac
external iliac
lateral sacral
What is the best method to evaluate calcium levels in the urine?
from early morning urine sample
comparing urine and serum calcium at a given time
performing 24 urine collection
from a mid-stream urine sample
From where does the main parasympathetic efferent innervation to the pelvic plexus arise?
S1
S2-S4
T11-L2
L3-S1
What is the most frequent anomaly associated with multicystic renal dysplasia?
ureteral atresia
vesicoureteral reflux
ureteropelvic junction obstruction
ureteral duplication
Where do Cowper`s gland ducts drain into?
ejaculatory ducts
prostatic urethra
membranous urethra
bulbous urethra
Which antibiotic is the best to treat soft tissue infection with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in hospitalized patients?
vancomycin
cefotaxime
penicillin G
tobramycin
Which drug does NOT result in urinary retention?
terazosin, antihypertensive
benzodiazepines, psychotropic medicine
levodopa, anti-Parkinsonism medicine
brimonidine, glaucoma eye drops
What is the half-life of β-HCG?
5 7 days
24 36 hours
2 3 days
12 24 hours
On tracing the IVU dye down, in a dilated ureter, the dilation stops at a level then continues as a normal calibre ureter. What could the pathology be?
lower ureteral stricture
ureteral valve
modified Lich-Gregoire ureteral reimplantation
residual dilation of hydroureter
What type of renal tubular acidosis (RTA) does demonstrate aldosterone resistance?
type 1
type 2
type 3
type 4
How can hyperuricosuria cause calcium oxalate calculi?
by increasing oxalate absorption
by heterogeneous nucleation
by inducing hyperoxaluria
by reducing urate crystals saturation
Which structure is a part of the renal hilum?
renal pelvis
branches of the renal artery
tributaries of renal vein
all of the above