inferior mesenteric artery
superior mesenteric artery
celiac artery
common iliac artery
A. inferior mesenteric artery
43 ml/hr of normal saline
78 ml/hr of ¼ normal saline
69 ml/hr of ½ normal saline
54 ml/hr of ¼ normal saline
infiltrating ductal carcinoma of the breast
seminoma
hepatocellular carcinoma
malignant melanoma
mechanical compression by the gravid uterus
physiological increase urine flow during pregnancy
elevated levels of progesterone
reflex inhibition of ureteral contractions
internal and external iliac
superficial inguinal
deep inguinal
superficial and deep inguinal
central then transitional
peripheral then transitional
peripheral then central
transitional then central
there are 4 surgical segments of the kidney, based on the segmental artery distribution
along the kidney convexity, there is an avascular plane
there are no collaterals between segmental arteries
in < 10%, the posterior branch is the first to branch off the renal artery
long arm of X chromosome
long arm of Y chromosome
short arm of Y chromosome
short arm of X chromosome
over estrogen synthesis
defective end-organ androgen response
extra X chromosome (XXY)
failure of genital ridge regression
Staphylococcus epidermidis in the urine
dried urate crystals on the diaper
Adenovirus 11 in the urine
Candidiasis in the urine
the renal pelvis could be intra or extra renal
the renal pelvis divides into 2 or 3 major calyces
major calyces divide into 2 or 3 minor calyces
unlike lateral calyces, polar calyces are often paired
if PSA reading had exceeded 2.7 ng/ml over 12 months
if free PSA reading was less than 0.4 ng/ml
if total PSA reading was greater than 8 ng/ml
any of the above
full bladder or rectum
tooth extraction
hypertension medications
uncontrolled diabetes mellitus
inherited chromosomal-mediated resistance
acquired chromosomal-mediated resistance
extrachromosomal-mediated resistance
all of the above
5 6 yrs.
7 8 yrs.
9 10 yrs.
11 12 yrs.
ejaculatory ducts
prostatic urethra
membranous urethra
bulbous urethra
at either side of the prostate
in the pubo-prostatic space
anterior to the seminal vesicles
posterior to the vaso-epididymal junction
autoimmune disease in 70% of the cases
diagnosed by the rapid ACTH stimulation test
characterized by low serum sodium and high potassium
may coexist with hyperthyroidism and diabetes mellitus
prostatic fascia and levator fascia
prostate capsule and prostatic fascia
Denonvilliers fascia and prostate capsule
Denonvilliers fascia and endopelvic fascia
GnRH
testosterone
LH
FSH
zinc
fructose
prostate-specific antigen
alkaline phosphatase
estradiol
DHT
FSH
testosterone
hypotension and tachycardia
hypotension and bradycardia
hypertension and tachycardia
hypertension and bradycardia
dehydration
myoglobinuria
high doses of vitamin C
all of the above
azoospermia; normal FSH; increase LH
azoospermia; decrease FSH; normal LH
oligospermia; increase FSH; normal LH
oligospermia; normal FSH; decrease LH
the most superficial layer of the adrenal cortex
responses to increased potassium levels, renin or decreased renal blood flow
it causes pheochromocytoma
secretes aldosterone
are cross ectopic
are at their normal position
travel with the kidneys
undergo ischemic atrophy
tamsulosin
doxazosin
dutasteride
alfuzosin
aminoglycosides
αantipseudomonal penicillins
cephalosporins
fluoroquinolones
sixth
seventh
eighth
ninth
hoarseness of voice
enlargement of testes
appearance of axillary hair
change in body odor