No graphite
A very high percentage of graphite
A low percentage of graphite
Graphite as its basic constituent of composition
A. No graphite
Dipping steel in cyanide bath
Reacting steel surface with cyanide salts
Adding carbon and nitrogen by heat treatment of steel to increase its surface hardness
Obtaining cyanide salts
Improvement of casting characteristics
Improvement of corrosion resistance
One of the best known age and precipitation hardening systems
Improving machinability
Acts as deoxidiser
Reduces the grain size
Decreases tensile strength and hardness
Lowers the toughness and transverse ductility
Cold rolled steel
Hot rolled steel
Forged steel
Cast steel
Hardness
Brittleness
Plasticity
Ductility
Tensile strength
Hardness
Ductility
Fluidity
0.1 to 0.5 %
0.5 to 1 %
1 to 5 %
5 to 10 %
Delta metal
Monel metal
Constantan
Nichrome
Eutectic cast irons
Hypoeutectic cast irons
Hypereutectic cast irons
None of these
770°C
910°C
1050°C
Below recrystallisation temperature
0.5 to 1 %
1.2 %
2.5 to 4.5 %
5 to 7 %
Wholly pearlite
Wholly austenite
Pearlite and ferrite
Pearlite and cementite
Silver metal
Duralumin
Hastelloy
Invar
Stages at which allotropic forms change
Stages at which further heating does not increase temperature for some time
Stages at which properties do not change with increase in temperature
There is nothing like points of arrest
65% nickel, 15% chromium and 20% iron
68% nickel, 29% copper and 3% other constituents
80% nickel and 20% chromium
80% nickel, 14% chromium and 6% iron
Same
Less
More
None of these
Low carbon steel
Medium carbon steel
High carbon steel
Alloy steel
Which are destroyed by burning
Which after their destruction are recycled to produce fresh steel
Which are deoxidised in the ladle with silicon and aluminium
In which carbon is completely burnt
Weldability
Formability
Machinability
Hardenability
In a random manner
In a haphazard way
In circular motion
Back and forth like tiny pendulums
94% aluminium, 4% copper and 0.5% Mn, Mg, Si and Fe
92.5% aluminium, 4% copper, 2% nickel, and 1.5% Mg
10% aluminium and 90% copper
90% magnesium and 9% aluminium with some copper
Silicon and sulphur
Phosphorous, lead and sulphur
Sulphur, graphite and aluminium
Phosphorous and aluminium
Spheroidal graphite cast iron with B.H.N. 400 and minimum tensile strength 15 MPa
Spheroidal graphite cast iron with minimum tensile strength 400 MPa and 15 percent elongation
Spheroidal graphite cast iron with minimum compressive strength 400 MPa and 15 percent reduction in area
None of the above
Steels are heated to 500 to 700°C
Cooling is done slowly and steadily
Internal stresses are relieved
All of these
Contain carbon in free from
Require minimum cutting force
Is used where rapid machining is the prime requirement
Can be cut freely
Nickel, copper and iron
Nickel, copper and zinc
Copper, nickel and antimony
Iron, zinc and bismuth
Cementite
Free carbon
Flakes
Nodular aggregates of graphite
Refine grain structure
Reduce segregation in casting
Improve mechanical properties
Induce stresses
Ferrite and cementite
Cementite and gamma iron
Ferrite and austenite
Ferrite and iron graphite
White metal
Solder admiralty
Fusible metal
Phosphor bronze