0.1 to 0.5 %
0.5 to 1 %
1 to 5 %
5 to 10 %
770°C
910°C
1440°C
1539°C
Below 723°C
770 to 910°C
910 to 1440°C
1400 to 1539°C
Creep
Fatigue
Endurance
Plastic deformation
Improvement of casting characteristics
Improvement of corrosion resistance
One of the best known age and precipitation hardening systems
Improving machinability
Acidic
Basic
Neutral
Brittle
Vanadium 4%, chromium 18% and tungsten 1%
Vanadium 1%, chromium 4% and tungsten 18%
Vanadium 18%, chromium 1% and tungsten 4%
None of the above
Improve machinability
Improve ductility
Improve toughness
Release stresses
Pearlite
Ferrite
Cementite
Martensite
White cast iron
Nodular cast iron
Malleable cast iron
Alloy cast iron
1% silver
2.5% silver
5% silver
10% silver
There is no change in grain size
The average grain size is a minimum
The grain size increases very rapidly
The grain size first increases and then decreases very rapidly
Delta metal
Monel metal
Constantan
Nichrome
Machinability
Hardness
Hardness and strength
Strength and ductility
Refine the grain structure
Remove strains caused by cold working
Remove dislocations caused in the internal structure due to hot working
All of the above
Below 10°K
Above 100°K
Around 0°C
Around 100°C
Amorphous material
Mesomorphous material
Crystalline material
None of these
Acts as deoxidiser
Reduces the grain size
Decreases tensile strength and hardness
Lowers the toughness and transverse ductility
0.1 %
0.2 %
0.4 %
0.6 %
Copper
Brass
Lead
Silver
Steels are heated to 500 to 700°C
Cooling is done slowly and steadily
Internal stresses are relieved
All of these
0.025 %
0.26 %
0.8 %
1.7 %
Providing corrosion resistance
Improving machining properties
Providing high strength at elevated temperatures
Raising the elastic limit
Relieve stresses
Harden steel slightly
Improve machining characteristic
Soften material
1% silver
2% silver
5% silver
No silver
Greater than 7
Less than 7
Equal to 7
pH value has nothing to do with neutral solution
Brittle
Hard
Ductile
Tough
0.025 %
0.06 %
0.1 %
0.25 %
Yield point
Critical temperature
Melting point
Hardness
Is a ductile material
Can be easily forged or welded
Cannot stand sudden and excessive shocks
All of these