hyperoxaluria
hypercalciuria
hyperuricosuria
hyperphosphateuria
A. hyperoxaluria
amoxicillin
gentamycin
diclofenac
herb extract
Scarpa`s fascia
fascia lata
Dartos fascia
Camper`s fascia
Ureaplasma urealyticum
Chlamydia trachomatis
E. coli
Neisseria gonorrhea
long arm of X chromosome
long arm of Y chromosome
short arm of Y chromosome
short arm of X chromosome
intimal fibroplasia
medial fibroplasia
medial hyperplasia
serosal hyperplasia
alkylating agents
phenothiazines
antiandrogens
prostaglandins
100
50
10
5
oxalate
struvite
urate
cystine
trauma to the prostate
digital rectal examination
urinary retention
prostatitis
quadratus lumborum and diaphragm
psoas and diaphragm
psoas and latissimus dorsi
transversus abdominus and paraspinous
vas deferens
seminal vesicles
appendix epididymis
appendix testis
third
fourth
fifth
seventh
an aspirate of pelvic urinoma
in untreated end-stage renal failure disease
a sample from a wound drain after pyeloplasty
a sample from suprapubic catheter
full bladder or rectum
tooth extraction
hypertension medications
uncontrolled diabetes mellitus
internal and external iliac
superficial inguinal
deep inguinal
superficial and deep inguinal
renal tuberculosis
urinary tract stones
interstitial cystitis
all of the above
significant proteinuria, dysmorphic RBCs, RBC casts
glycosuria, eumorphic RBCs, WBC casts
hypercalciuria, eumorphic RBCs, granular casts
proteinuria, dysmorphic RBCs, hyaline casts
4 to 6
7 to 9
10 to 12
13 to 14
hypogastric
internal iliac
external iliac
lateral sacral
should be investigated thoroughly like hematuria
is rarely associated with significant urologic pathology
carries a risk of infertility
mandates testicular biopsy
inherited chromosomal-mediated resistance
acquired chromosomal-mediated resistance
extrachromosomal-mediated resistance
all of the above
aldosterone
hypocalcemia
parathyroid hormone
vitamin D
uretero-pelvic junction
uretero-vesical junction
where ureters cross the pelvic brim
where ureters cross the common iliac bifurcation
bilateral adrenal hyperplasia
pituitary over secretion of ACTH
exogenous administration of glucocorticoids
immune-mediated disease
estradiol
DHT
FSH
testosterone
sympathetic nervous system
parasympathetic nervous system
urinary output
afferent arteriolar resistance
Staphylococcus epidermidis in the urine
dried urate crystals on the diaper
Adenovirus 11 in the urine
Candidiasis in the urine
terazosin, antihypertensive
benzodiazepines, psychotropic medicine
levodopa, anti-Parkinsonism medicine
brimonidine, glaucoma eye drops
breasts
thyroids
lungs
liver
basal cells
intermediate cells
tubulo-columnar cells
neuroendocrine cells