Brass
Mild steel
Cast iron
Wrought iron
D. Wrought iron
Ferrite and cementite
Cementite and gamma iron
Ferrite and austenite
Ferrite and iron graphite
Amount of carbon it contains
The shape and distribution of the carbides in iron
Method of fabrication
Contents of alloying elements
Eutectic cast irons
Hypoeutectic cast irons
Hypereutectic cast irons
None of these
Sulphur, lead, phosphorous
Silicon, aluminium, titanium
Vanadium, aluminium
Chromium, nickel
Aluminium
Low carbon steel
Medium carbon steel
High carbon steel
Cold rolled into sheets
Drawn into wires
Formed into tube
Any one of these
Chromium
Nickel
Vanadium
Cobalt
Yield point increases
Ductility decreases
Ultimate tensile strength increases
All of these
Air is burning out silicon and manganese
Silicon and manganese has burnt and carbon has started oxidising
The converter must be titled to remove the contents of the converter
The brown smoke does not occur during the operation of a Bessemer converter
Equal to
Less than
More than
None of these
0.1 to 0.5 %
0.5 to 1 %
1 to 5 %
5 to 10 %
Silicon
Manganese
Carbon
Chromium
Cast iron
Pig iron
Wrought iron
Malleable iron
Nickel and copper
Nickel and chromium
Nickel, Chromium and iron
Copper and chromium
0.1 to 0.5
0.5 to 1
1 to 1.7
1.7 to 4.5
Improvement of casting characteristics
Improvement of corrosion resistance
One of the best known age and precipitation hardening systems
Improving machinability
Cold rolled steel
Hot rolled steel
Forged steel
Cast steel
Does not effect
Lowers
Raises
None of these
Aluminium, copper etc.
Nickel, molybdenum etc.
Nickel, Copper, etc.
All of the above
Kind of stainless steel
None ferrous alloy
Polymer
Nickel and iron alloy having high permeability
Strength
Stiffness
Toughness
Brittleness
Low carbon steel
High carbon steel
Medium carbon steel
High speed steel
Resilience
Creep
Fatigue strength
Toughness
Elastic properties in all directions
Stresses induced in all directions
Thermal properties in all directions
Electric and magnetic properties in all directions
Nickel, copper and iron
Nickel, copper and zinc
Copper, nickel and antimony
Iron, zinc and bismuth
High resistance to rusting and corrosion
High ductility
Ability of hold protective coating
Uniform strength in all directions
Steels are heated to 500 to 700°C
Cooling is done slowly and steadily
Internal stresses are relieved
All of these
Brittle
Hard
Ductile
Tough
1539°C
1601°C
1489°C
1712°C
Contains 1.7 to 3.5% carbon in Free State and is obtained by the slow cooling of molten cast iron
Is also known as chilled cast iron is obtained by cooling rapidly. It is almost unmachinable
Is produced by annealing process. I is soft, tough and easily machined metal
Is produced by small additions o magnesium (or cerium) in the ladle Graphite is in nodular or spheroidal form and is well dispersed throughout the material