Nickel
Chromium
Tungsten
Vanadium
B. Chromium
770°C
910°C
1440°C
1539°C
3.5 to 4.5% copper, 0.4 to 0.7% magnesium, 0.4 to 0.7% manganese and rest aluminium
3.5 to 4.5% copper, 1.2 to 1.7% manganese, 1.8 to 2.3% nickel, 0.6% each of silicon, magnesium and iron, and rest aluminium
4 to 4.5% magnesium, 3 to 4% copper and rest aluminium
5 to 6% tin, 2 to 3% copper and rest aluminium
63 to 67% nickel and 30% copper
88% copper and 10% tin and rest zinc
Alloy of tin, lead and cadmium
Malleable iron and zinc
Brittleness
Ductility
Malleability
Plasticity
It contains carbon of the order of 0 to 0.25%
It melts at 1535°C
It is very soft and ductile
It is made by adding suitable percentage of carbon to molten iron and subjecting the product to repeated hammering and rolling.
1% silver
2.5% silver
5% silver
10% silver
Machinability
Hardness
Hardness and strength
Strength and ductility
Silver
Gold
Copper
Germanium
Tensile strength
Hardness
Ductility
Fluidity
High yield point
High fatigue limit
Both (A) and (B)
None of these
Percentage of carbon
Percentage of alloying elements
Heat treatment employed
Shape of carbides and their distribution in iron
Low carbon steel
High carbon steel
Medium carbon steel
High speed steel
Fixed structure at all temperatures
Atoms distributed in random pattern
Different crystal structures at different temperatures
Any one of the above
Six
Twelve
Eighteen
Twenty
Silicon
Manganese
Carbon
Chromium
0.1 to 1.2%
1.5 to 2.5%
2.5 to 4%
4 to 4.5%
Soft and gives a coarse grained crystalline structure
Soft and gives a fine grained crystalline structure
Hard and gives a coarse grained crystalline structure
Hard and gives a fine grained crystalline structure
Cementite
Free carbon
Flakes
Spheroids
Improves wear resistance, cutting ability and toughness
Refines grain size and produces less tendency to carburisation, improves corrosion and heat resistant properties
Improves cutting ability and reduces hardenability
Gives ductility, toughness, tensile strength and anticorrosion properties
Malleable iron
Nodular iron
Spheroidal iron
Grey iron
Ductile material
Malleable material
Brittle material
Tough material
Oxides
Carbonates
Sulphides
All of these
Hot working
Tempering
Normalising
Annealing
High tensile strength
Its elastic limit close to the ultimate breaking strength
High ductility
All of the above
Room temperature
Near melting point
Between 1400°C and 1539°C
Between 910°C and 1400°C
Contains 1.7 to 3.5% carbon in Free State and is obtained by the slow cooling of molten cast iron
Is also known as chilled cast iron and is obtained by cooling rapidly. It is almost unmachinable
Is produced by annealing process. It is soft, tough, and easily machined metal
Is produced by small additions of magnesium (or cerium) in the ladle. Graphite is in the nodular or spheroidal form and is well dispersed throughout the material
Mica
Silver
Lead
Glass
Mild steel
German silver
Lead
Graphite
High machinability
Low melting point
High tensile strength
All of the above
Is a ductile material
Can be easily forged or welded
Cannot stand sudden and excessive shocks
All of these