Contain carbon in free from
Require minimum cutting force
Is used where rapid machining is the prime requirement
Can be cut freely
C. Is used where rapid machining is the prime requirement
White cast iron
Nodular cast iron
Malleable cast iron
Alloy cast iron
770°C
910°C
1050°C
Below recrystallisation temperature
In which parts are not loaded
In which stress remains constant on increasing load
In which deformation tends to loosen the joint and produces a stress reduced
Stress reduces on increasing load
Chromium
Silicon
Manganese
Magnesium
400°C to 600°C
600°C to 900°C
900°C to 1400°C
1400°C to 1530°C
0.1 to 0.5
0.5 to 1
1 to 1.7
1.7 to 4.5
Sulphur
Phosphorus
Manganese
Silicon
Nickel
Vanadium
Cobalt
Molybdenum
Body centered cubic
Face centred cubic
Hexagonal close packed
Cubic structure
Improve machinability
Improve ductility
Improve toughness
Release stresses
No graphite
A very high percentage of graphite
A low percentage of graphite
Graphite as its basic constituent of composition
Fixed structure at all temperatures
Atoms distributed in random pattern
Different crystal structures at different temperatures
Any one of the above
Same
Less
More
None of these
Can be drawn into wires
Breaks with little permanent distortion
Can cut another metal
Can be rolled or hammered into thin sheets
Cast iron
Mild steel
Stainless steel
Carbonchrome steel
There is no change in grain size
The average grain size is a minimum
The grain size increases very rapidly
The grain size first increases and then decreases very rapidly
Strength
Stiffness
Brittleness
Toughness
Nichrome
Invar
Magnin
Elinvar
Contain carbon in free from
Require minimum cutting force
Is used where rapid machining is the prime requirement
Can be cut freely
Amount of cementite it contains
Amount of carbon it contains
Contents of alloying elements
Method of manufacture of steel
Nickel
Chromium
Tungsten
Vanadium
Greater than 7
Less than 7
Equal to 7
pH value has nothing to do with neutral solution
Yield point increases
Ductility decreases
Ultimate tensile strength increases
All of these
Shot peening
Nitriding of surface
Cold working
Surface decarburisation
1539°C
1601°C
1489°C
1712°C
3.5 to 4.5% copper, 0.4 to 0.7% magnesium, 0.4 to 0.7% manganese and rest aluminium
3.5 to 4.5% copper, 1.2 to 1.7% manganese, 1.8 to 2.3% nickel, 0.6% each of silicon, magnesium and iron, and rest aluminium
4 to 4.5% magnesium, 3 to 4% copper and rest aluminium
5 to 6% tin, 2 to 3% copper and rest aluminium
Substitutional solid solution
Interstitial solid solution
Intermetallic compounds
All of the above
RC 65
RC 48
RC 57
RC 80
Current
Voltage
Frequency
Temperature
Adding carbon up to 2.8%
Adding carbon up to 6.3%
Adding carbon up to 0.83%
Adding small quantities of copper