Which disease is described best by the following manifestations: grand mal epilepsy, mental retardation, hypertension, angiomyolipoma, adenoma sebaceum, bilateral enlarged kidneys, and normal renal function?
autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease
von Hippel-Lindau disease
tuberous sclerosis
Sturge-Webber syndrome
Correct Answer :
C. tuberous sclerosis
self-explanatory.
Related Questions
In utero, which hormone stimulates the development of Wolffian ducts?
estradiol
DHT
FSH
testosterone
Serum testosterone should be measured:
at mid-day
at the hour of sleep
in the morning
late afternoon
Which type of renal stone crystals is known as coffin lid?
oxalate
struvite
urate
cystine
Which of the following is (are) direct branch(es) of the abdominal aorta?
median sacral artery
inferior phrenic arteries
gonadal arteries
all of the above
What causes Cushing`s disease is:
bilateral adrenal hyperplasia
pituitary over secretion of ACTH
exogenous administration of glucocorticoids
immune-mediated disease
Which of the following mediates calcium reabsorption in the distal renal tubules?
aldosterone
hypocalcemia
parathyroid hormone
vitamin D
Which type of renal tubular acidosis (RTA) is more likely to form renal stones?
type 1
type 2
type 3
type 4
In utero, which hormone stimulates the development of the prostate gland?
estradiol
DHT
FSH
testosterone
Which statement regarding post-obstructive diuresis (POD) is false?
urine production exceeding 200 ml/hr for 2 consecutive hours or producing greater than 3 L of urine in 24 hours is diagnostic of POD
pathologic POD can be exacerbated by excessive fluid replacement
the replacement fluid choice is ringer lactate
fluid resuscitation depends on the degree of dehydration
The manifestations of autonomic dysreflexia include:
hypotension and tachycardia
hypotension and bradycardia
hypertension and tachycardia
hypertension and bradycardia
When should a 70 yrs. man with 40 ml prostate volume, and total PSA of 2.0 ng/ml, go for a prostate biopsy?
if PSA reading had exceeded 2.7 ng/ml over 12 months
if free PSA reading was less than 0.4 ng/ml
if total PSA reading was greater than 8 ng/ml
any of the above
On tracing the IVU dye down, in a dilated ureter, the dilation stops at a level then continues as a normal calibre ureter. What could the pathology be?
lower ureteral stricture
ureteral valve
modified Lich-Gregoire ureteral reimplantation
residual dilation of hydroureter
Which of the following is false regarding Addison`s disease?
autoimmune disease in 70% of the cases
diagnosed by the rapid ACTH stimulation test
characterized by low serum sodium and high potassium
may coexist with hyperthyroidism and diabetes mellitus
The epithelial component of the prostate consists of all of the following, EXCEPT:
basal cells
intermediate cells
tubulo-columnar cells
neuroendocrine cells
To which region does pain, from the left mid ureter, refer to?
the loin region
the inguinal region
the umbilical region
the penis or clitoris
Which of the following is NOT a part of the urogenital diaphragm structures?
perineal membrane
deep transverse perineal muscle
urethral sphincter
Camper`s fascia
What is the most common cause of hematuria in men over 60 yrs.?
kidney stones
glomerulonephritis
BPH
bladder cancer
Which area in the nervous system is tested by bulbocavernosus reflex?
brain stem
C2 C4
S2 - S4
L2 - L4
Which statement is NOT related to Klinefelter syndrome?
sterility is the rule
has a considerable short life span
treatment requires testicular microdissection and sperm extraction
47 XXY karyotype
What is the earliest clinical sign of puberty in boys?
hoarseness of voice
enlargement of testes
appearance of axillary hair
change in body odor
Which of the following is false regarding zona glomeruloza?
the most superficial layer of the adrenal cortex
responses to increased potassium levels, renin or decreased renal blood flow
it causes pheochromocytoma
secretes aldosterone
The majority of circulating testosterone is:
bound to sex hormone-binding globulin
free
bound to α1-antichymotrypsin
bound to albumin
What is the number of bacteria per high-power field microscopy that matches colony counts of 100,000/mL?
100
50
10
5
Which agent is safe to kidneys?
amoxicillin
gentamycin
diclofenac
herb extract
What could render red urine workup, false positive for hematuria?
dehydration
myoglobinuria
high doses of vitamin C
all of the above
From where does the main parasympathetic efferent innervation to the pelvic plexus arise?
S1
S2-S4
T11-L2
L3-S1
At which condition is alpha-fetoprotein most frequently elevated?
infiltrating ductal carcinoma of the breast
seminoma
hepatocellular carcinoma
malignant melanoma
What is the prime effect of antidiuretic hormone on kidneys?
increase collecting duct permeability
increase medullary blood flow
decrease cortical blood flow
decrease potassium secretion
Which statement is false concerning the gubernaculua?
degenerate after birth
called the caudal genital ligaments
help guide the testes down through the inguinal canals
represent undifferentiated mesenchyme
In males, which of the following structure(s) can NOT be palpated during digital rectal examination?
pelvic floor muscles
seminal vesicles
anterior surface of the sacrum
median lobe of the prostate