GLOBAL
TRANSNATIONAL
INTERNATIONAL
MULTI-DOMESTIC
B. TRANSNATIONAL
Domestic, Transnational, Global, International, Multinational
Domestic, International, Multinational, Global, Transnational
Domestic, Multinational, International, Transnational, Global
Domestic, International, Transnational, Multinational, Global
Attitudes.
Beliefs.
Education.
Life expectancy.
holidays.
language.
role of women.
marketing practices.
Marketing.
All spheres of marketing, operation and finance simultaneously.
Any or all spheres of marketing, operation and finance.
Finance only.
Standardization v/s adaptation
Globalization v/s localization
Global integration v/s Local Responsiveness
Local responsiveness
Sight Draft.
Usance Draft
Demand draft
Pay Note
Market seeking FDI.
Efficiency seeking FDI.
Vertical FDI.
Created assets seeking FDI.
1992
1993
1995
1994
Economic system
Political system
Social System
Cultural Attitudes
LOW
MODERATE
HIGH
VERY HIGH
Asset seeking FDI.
Backward vertical FDI.
Forward vertical FDI.
Distribution FDI.
Low
Moderate
High
Very High
Can earn a return on knowledge asset
Will not create a competitor
Tight control of operations
All the above
Government
Organized Trade union
Factor Conditions
Demand Conditions
Culture is enduring.
Culture is changing.
Culture is evolved among the members of a society.
Culture is determined by national boundaries.
Services supplied from one country to another cross border supply
Transaction of goods across the border Export Import
Individuals traveling from own country to supply services in another presence of natural persons.
Consumers/firms making use of a service in another country consumption abroad.
GATT/WTO
GATS/IMF
WTO/WORLD BANK
WORLD BANK/WIPO
Licensing
Exporting
Wholly owned subsidiaries
Foreign Direct Investment
Global business.
Multinational business.
Transnational business.
Multi-regional business.
Threat of entrants; power of buyers; power of suppliers; threat of substitutes; competitive rivalry.
Threat of buyers; power of entry; power of substitutes; threat of suppliers; threat of recession.
Threat of recession; power of buyers; power of suppliers; threat of management failure; competitive rivalry.
Threat of entry; power of buyers; power of suppliers; threat of substitutes; government action
Subsidiary
Joint venture
Strategic International Alliance
License agreement
lower level of stress among people.
decision taken as a result of group consensus.
less dependence on rules and regulations.
people are serene.
Government
Organized Trade union
Factor Conditions
Demand Conditions
earn a greater return from their skills and core competencies
realize location economies where they can be performed most efficiently
realize greater experience curve economies, which reduces the cost of production
All the above
Shared belief of top managers about how they should manage themselves and their employees
Shared code of ethics and other commonalities shared by members of a given group
Both (a) and (c)
None of the above
relationships based on equality and informality.
authority being accepted without question.
managers being paternalistic.
tall organizations structure.
GLOBAL
TRANSNATIONAL
INTERNATIONAL
MULTI-DOMESTIC
as a Greenfield venture.
to acquire an existing firm.
to have products marketed overseas.
to have management is overseas.
Place of origin of goods.
Special characteristics of the product associated with the place of origin.
Place and special characters of the product.
Place or special characters of the product.
Measures that affect trade in goods.
Measures that lead to restrictions on quantities.
Discouraging measures that limit a companys imports.
Discouraging measures that limit a companys exports.